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They are considered more important because they infest the crop during the flowering season and if the control measures are not taken timely, the crop may be destroyed completely.įruitfly: The oriental fruitfly is one of the most serious pests of mango in the country which has created problem in the export of fresh fruits. After climbing up the tree they start sucking the sap of tender plant parts. Just after hatching, the minute newly hatched pink to brown colored nymphs crawl up the tree. The eggs lie in diapause state in the soil till the return of the favorable conditions in the month of November – December. The female, after copulation, crawl down the tree in the month of April-May and enter in the cracks in the soil for laying eggs in large numbers encased in white egg sacs. The adult male is winged and small, female is bigger and wingless. They also secrete honey dew, a sticky substance, which encourages the development of a fungus Maliola mangiferae, termed as sooty mould. Excessive and continuous draining of plant sap causes wilting and finally drying of infested tissue. Nymphs and adults suck the plant sap and reduce the vigor of the plant. Mealy bug: ( Drosicha mangiferae) Green is the most common mealy bug and causes severe damage to mango crop throughout the country. In summers the total life cycle occupies 2-3 weeks. The female hoppers lay 100-200 eggs on mid rib of tender leaves, buds and inflorescence. Such conditions usually prevail in old, neglected and closely planted orchards. Shade and high humidity conditions are favorable for their multiplication.
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They also damage the crop by secreting a sweet sticky substance which encourages the development of the fungus Maliola mangiferae, commonly known as sooty mould which affects adversely the photosynthetic activities of the leaves. Heavy puncturing and continuous draining of the sap cause curling and drying of the infested tissue. Large number of nymphs and adult insects puncture and suck the sap of tender parts, thereby reducing the vigor of the plants. Idioscopus clypealis Lethierry, Idioscopus nitidulus (Walker) and Amritodus atkinsoni Lethierry are the most common and destructive species of hoppers which cause heavy damage to mango crop. Hopper: Of all the mango pests, hopper is considered as the most serious and widespread pest.